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Following guidelines are recommended: |
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Planned evacuation can prevent stampedes and confusion.
The amount of time needed for evacuation will depend
on the type of disaster. After earthquakes, industrial
disasters, epidemics and floods, emergency evacuation
is mostly unavoidable. In case of cyclones and droughts,
evacuating agencies may take a day or two to get
ready. |
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Shelter sites should be within an hour's walking
distance or three miles (five km) from dwellings |
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Evacuation routes should be away from the coast
or flood-prone areas |
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Evacuation routes should not include roads likely
to be submerged by floods, but may include pathways |
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Ensure proper evacuation by seeking community
participation along the following lines: |
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Evacuation should be undertaken with assistance
from community leaders and community based
organisations (CBOs) for appropriate security
and law and order |
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Care should be taken to see that evacuation
routes are not blocked |
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It is always preferable to encourage the
entire family to evacuate together as a unit |
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In case of inadequate transport or limited
time, encourage the community for emergency
evacuation in the following order: |
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Seriously injured and the sick |
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Children, women and handicapped |
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The aged |
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Able-bodied |
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Families should be encouraged to take along adequate
supplies of water, food, clothing and emergency
supplies |
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Families should be encouraged to assemble the
following disaster supplies kit: |
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Adequate supply of water in closed unbreakable
containers |
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Adequate supply of non-perishable packaged
food and dry rations |
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A change of clothing and rain gear |
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Blanket, plates, glasses, mugs made of plastic |
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Soap, toothbrushes, toothpaste |
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Battery-powered radio, torch, lantern, matches |
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Cash and jewellery |
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Personal medicines |
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A list of important family documents including
ration card, passport, bank passbook, addresses
and telephone book (of relatives), certificates,
driving licence, property documents, insurance
documents etc. |
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Special items including food for infants,
elderly or disabled family members |
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People are advised to take the following steps: |
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Evacuation must be carried out within the shortest
possible time |
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Marooned people should be transferred to transit
camps |
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Within a period of three hours, marooned people
must be provided with: |
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Water |
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Medicines |
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First-aid |
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Cooked food |
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Emergency transport should be arranged for the
seriously injured people -- speedboats in case of
flood; air lifting in case of flood, earthquake
and industrial disasters; four-wheelers in case
of drought, earthquake and epidemics |
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A senior medical officer must accompany the rescue
team |
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Water supplied must meet standards of potable
water |
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Attaching a tag to each injured individual simplifies
identification of patients. This is usually done
using colour codes, to indicate the degree of injury
and the priority for evacuation. |
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